Keyhole surgery, also known as laparoscopic surgery, is a minimally invasive surgical technique that utilizes small incisions and specialized instruments to perform various procedures. Unlike traditional open surgery, which requires larger incisions, laparoscopic surgery offers several benefits, including reduced post-operative pain, shorter hospital stays, and faster recovery times.

During laparoscopic surgery, the surgeon makes a few small incisions, typically around half an inch in size, in the abdomen. A tube called a trocar is inserted through one of the incisions, creating an access point for a laparoscope. The laparoscope is a long, thin tube with a camera and a light source at the end, allowing the surgeon to visualize the surgical area on a monitor.

Additional instruments are inserted through the other incisions to perform the necessary surgical steps. These instruments are specially designed to manipulate and dissect tissues, suture, or use other techniques required for the specific procedure. The surgeon operates by watching the monitor and manipulating the instruments accordingly.

Laparoscopic surgery can be used for a wide range of procedures, including gallbladder removal, appendix removal, hernia repair, hysterectomy, and ovarian cyst removal, among others. The specific procedure and technique used will depend on the patient's condition and the surgeon's expertise.

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