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In the world of Audi, the term "Quattro" has become synonymous with the brand's all-wheel-drive system, particularly for the younger generation. However, a few decades ago, it was used to refer to the company's high-performance division, now known as Audi Sport. Moreover, the badge "Quattro" was also used on a series of road and rally cars produced by Audi during the 1980s, including the iconic Quattro S1 E2.
The history of the Audi Quattro began in 1977 when Audi engineer Jorg Bensinger proposed the idea of a high-performance car with all-wheel drive. Audi used an Audi 80 as a test mule and introduced the production model in 1980. The Quattro was initially available only in a two-door body style and powered by a 2.1-liter five-cylinder engine.
In the same year, Audi launched a rally-spec version of the Quattro. The car proved to be competitive from the outset, and in 1982, it helped Audi win its first manufacturers' championship. Over the next few years, drivers Hannu Mikkola and Stig Blomqvist made the Quattro a dominant force, winning head-to-head World Rally Championship (WRC) championships.
However, the Group B class became a more difficult challenge in 1985 when Peugeot and Lancia rolled out mid-engined silhouette versions of the 205 and Delta, respectively. The Quattro was outclassed by the Peugeot 205 T16, so Audi began working on a more extreme version of its rally car.
The Quattro S1 E2 was developed in a short period of time and was a notable departure from its predecessor. It was based on a shorter wheelbase version of the coupe and featured wild aerodynamics. The S1 was the first rally car to use wings and splitters for downforce rather than balance. Compared to its predecessors, the S1 gained a central differential, and output increased to around 500 horsepower. Weighing only 1,090 kg (2,403 pounds), the Quattro S1 needed just three seconds to reach 60 mph (97 kph) from a standing start, faster than supercars like the Ferrari 288 GTO and the Porsche 959.
Despite its impressive performance, the S1 raced in only four events in late 1985 and won only Rallye Sanremo with Walter Rohrl behind the wheel, contributing to Audi's second-place finish in the standings. In 1986, Audi retired from WRC after only three stages, leaving the S1 with just one victory in the series. However, following the demise of Group B, Audi took the S1 hillclimbing at Pikes Peak, where Rohrl gave Audi its third consecutive win with a specially prepped E2, setting a new record in the process.
The Quattro S1 E2 set a new performance benchmark for Audi, even though it wasn't as successful as the 1982-1984 Quattro. The car remained a crowd favorite during its brief life on the WRC circuit and is still remembered as the poster child of the rally scene and Audi's turbocharged inline-five engine. Even today, more than 30 years later, the Quattro S1 E2 holds a special place in the hearts of rally fans, and its legacy lives on in modern RS-badged Audi vehicles, such as the RS3 hot-hatchback.
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