What do the numbers on binoculars mean, what do they tell us about a binocular and which ones should you get for your desired use?
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Video Transcript:
Binoculars 101: What do the Numbers Mean?
8x42, 10x42, 10x32, 10x26, 10x50, 12x56
What do binocular numbers mean?
In this video, I explain why understanding binocular numbers are important when deciding which binocular is best for your needs:
Magnification
At the most basic level, the main purpose of any binocular is to magnify the view and thus bring distant objects more clearly into vision by making them look closer or larger.
Thus it stands to reason the most important thing to know and get right is by how much a particular pair magnifies the view and indeed how much magnification you need for what you intend to use them for.
Luckily for us, manufacturers make the first part of this really easy for us as almost every bino sold has the magnification included in its name:
So when you see "8x42", the first number followed by an "x" is the magnification. So in this example, the binoculars have an 8x magnification and thus it will make whatever you look at through them seem eight times (8x) closer (or larger) than what they would with the naked eye.
Binoculars with 10x42, 10x32 or even a 10x26 in their name will all magnify the image ten times (10x)
Exactly how much magnification you need or the ideal amount for your intended use is a little more tricky to get right as it depends on a whole bunch of other factors but what is important here is to know that bigger is not always better and a good rule of thumb is to say that for most general uses, 8x or 10x is probably going to be about right.
Lens Size
The number that comes directly after the magnification when looking at the name on a binocular indicates the size (diameter) in millimeters of the main objective lenses (those are the bigger ones on the end of the binoculars).
So for example, an 8x42 binocular has 42mm diameter objective lenses, whilst a 10x42 will also have the same size (42mm) lenses, but with a higher 10x magnification.
Therefore a 10x32 has 32mm objective lenses and those on the 10x26 are 26mm across.
The size of these lenses is important in many ways:
Firstly it plays a major factor in determining just how physically big the overall instrument will be, the larger the lens, the bigger and heavier the binocular.
So why would you want larger lenses?
Well, a good way to think of it is like looking through a window. A larger window lets in more light than a small one.
This is the same with lenses: The increased surface area of larger objective lenses means they are able to capture more light and thus play a critical role in determining the brightness or more accurately the low light performance of the binocular.
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