Lehigh ISE Department Ph.D. student, Sahar Tahernejad, describes Discrete Optimization and Integer Bi-level Programming as two areas of study. Sahar notes that there are two systems; an upper level and a lower level system. "When the upper level system decides, the lower level system (according to that decision), makes the best decision. Finally, you should optimize that problem according to the constrains and interactions between these two systems."
