🦊 In this GCSE Biology video, we explain the process of producing monoclonal antibodies, which involves several steps and begins with injecting a specific antigen into a mouse. The mouse's white blood cells, or lymphocytes, respond by producing antibodies specific to that antigen. These cells are then collected and fused with tumor cells to create a hybridoma, a cell that can divide uncontrollably and produce the desired antibody. The hybridoma cells are cloned to ensure they are identical and capable of indefinite division while continuously producing the target antibodies. Finally, these antibodies are collected and purified for use. For exams, it's important to understand this process, particularly the creation of hybridoma cells and the extraction and purification of the desired antibodies.
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