San Francisco's new mayor will be chosen next month by a system few voters can fully explain, much less understand, and a process that even the guy who runs the city's elections struggles to describe.

Ranked choice voting (RCV), sometimes called "instant runoff," was approved by city voters in 2002. For offices decided by RCV, each voter ranks their first, second and third choices. Through a complicated system of algorithms, if no candidate gets 50 percent plus one after counting all the first place votes, the last place candidates are eliminated one by one and their voters' second choice votes are redistributed.

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Animation by Mark Fiore

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