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🌿Desert is a barren area of landscape where little precipitation occurs and consequently, living conditions are hostile for plant and animal. About 1/3rd of the land surface of the world is arid or semiarid. Regions receiving precipitation of less than 25 cms annually are categorized as deserts. Deserts can be classifi ed by the amount of precipitation, by the temperature that prevails, by the causes of desertifi cation or by their geographical location.



🍃Tropical hot deserts are generally found in the western side of a continent between 15o to 30o north or south of the equator. Most of the major deserts of the world lie in areas crossed by the trade winds.



🍃According to German Scientist Dr. Gerhard Knies, the amount of energy which is produced by the world deserts in 6 hours is more than the amount of energy consumed by the entire humankind in a year. Hence deserts are a very prominent source of renewable energy.


🍃The Sahara Desert is the largest non-polar desert of the world. The desert comprises much of North Africa, excluding the fertile regions on the Mediterranean sea coast. It occupies a total area of 3600000 sq. mile. The Sahara covers large parts of Algeria, Chad, Egypt, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Western Sahara, Sudan and Tunisia.

The main phenomena behind the formation of African and Euro-Asian deserts are –
1. Their proximity to cold ocean currents which run along the coast. These cold oceans currents cool the air and make it harder for the air to hold moisture.
2. Most of these deserts are located far away from the moisture-laden trade winds.




🍃The Atacama is a deserts plateau in South America covering a 1000 km strip of land on the Pacific Coast, west of Andes Mountains. It is the driest desert in the world.


🍃The Atacama Desert is rich in metallic mineral resources such as copper, gold, silver and iron, as well as non-metallic minerals including important deposits of boron, lithium, sodium, nitrate and potassium salts. It is the world’s largest supplier of Sodium Nitrate. The Atacama Desert occupies the narrow coast of Northern Chile.


🍃The Kalahari Desert is located in the Southern HemisphereThe Kalahari Desert is a large semi-arid scandy Savana in Southern Africa, extending for 900,000 square kilometres covering much of Botswana, parts of Namibia and regions of South Africa.



🍃The Dasht-e-Lut is a large salt desert located in the provinces of Kerman and Sistan and Baluchistan, Iran. According to NASA, it is the world’s hottest desert. The Aqua satellite of NASA, in the year 2005 measured the surface temperature of this desert and found it to be as high as 70.7oC, making it the hottest desert (based on surface temperature) in the world.





🍃The Thar Desert also known as the Great Indian Desert is a large arid region in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent and forms a natural boundary between India and Pakistan. It is the largest desert in South Asia. The Thar Desert is the most densely populated desert in the world, with a population density of 83 people per/km,

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