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Electromagnetic radiation is vital to life on earth. We use radio waves in communication; microwaves for cooking; infrared in saunas; visible light to illuminate our way and essential for food production; ultraviolet gives vitamin D; X-rays are used to diagnose and treat illnesses; and gamma rays to sterilize medical equipment. X-rays and gamma rays can also be used to treat foods as alternatives to chemicals. This involves shining electromagnetic rays or electron beams onto food to prevent vegetables from sprouting; destroy harmful bacteria and spoilage organisms; and rid fresh fruits and vegetables of insects. Being a cold process, it retains the unique flavours and aromas of foods, maintains freshness, reduces the risk of food-borne diseases and prevents the spread of insects through globalised trade.

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