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HISTORY OF SOUTH AFRICA

The Dutch East India Company decided to establish a permanent settlement at the Cape in 1652. The VOC, one of the major European trading houses sailing the spice route to the East, had no intention of colonizing the area, instead wanting only to establish a secure base camp where passing ships could be serviced and restock on supplies. To this end, a small VOC expedition under the command of Jan van Riebeeck reached Table Bay on 6 April 1652.

In 1795 the British captured Cape Colony. They handed it back to the Dutch in 1803 but took it again in 1806. In 1814 a treaty confirmed British ownership of Cape Colony. Following the British invasion, massive migration occurred, the Boers (Dutch) founded several settlements in the interior of South Africa. In 1877, the British annexed the territories of the Boers, resulting in two Anglo-Boer wars. Great Britain emerged victorious from this confrontation in 1902.

The Union of South Africa came to an end after a referendum on 5 October 1960, in which a majority of white South Africans voted in favour of unilateral withdrawal from the British Commonwealth and the establishment of a Republic of South Africa.

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