An explanation of magnets and how to draw magnetic field lines. Covers force of attraction and repulsion. How to draw magnetic field lines for like poles (bar magnet), unlike poles and a U-shaped magnet.
A magnet is a material or object that produces a magnetic field. This magnetic field is invisible but is responsible for the force that attracts other ferromagnetic materials, such as iron. Magnets can also attract or repel repels magnets. Materials that can be magnetized, which are also the ones that are strongly attracted to a magnet, are called ferromagnetic. These elements include iron, nickel and cobalt.
A permanent magnet is an object made from a material that is magnetized and creates its own long term magnetic field. An everyday example is a refrigerator magnet used to hold notes on a refrigerator door. Magnets have poles which are designated as either north or south. Magnets are dipoles as it is not possible to have just a north pole or just a south pole. Unlike poles of magnets attract each other and like poles repel each other.
Magnetic field lines show the strength and direction of the magnetic field around a magnet. Magnetic field lines point from the the north end of the magnet to the south end of the magnet, they may not intersect and the density of field lines is proportional to the strength of the magnetic field at that point.
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