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MOUNTAINS ARE LIKE PEGS (STAKES)
In Geology, the phenomenon of ‘folding’ is a recently discovered fact. Folding is responsible for
the formation of mountain ranges. The earth’s crust, on which we live, is like a solid shell, while
the deeper layers are hot and fluid, and thus inhospitable to any form of life. It is also known that
the stability of the mountains is linked to the phenomenon of folding, for it was the folds that
were to provide foundations for the reliefs that constitute the mountains. Geologists tell us that
the radius of the Earth is about 3,750 miles and the crust on which we live is very thin, ranging
between 1 to 30 miles. Since the crust is thin, it has a high possibility of shaking. Mountains act
like stakes or tent pegs that hold the earth’s crust and give it stability.
The Qur’aan contains exactly such a description in the following verse:
“Have We not made The earth as a wide Expanse, And the mountains as pegs?” [AlQur’aan
78:6-7]
The word awtad means stakes or pegs (like those used to anchor a tent); they are the deep
foundations of geological folds. A book named ‘Earth’ is considered as a basic reference
textbook on geology in many universities around the world. One of the authors of this book is
Frank Press, who was the President of the Academy of Sciences in the USA for 12 years and
was the Science Advisor to former US President Jimmy Carter. In this book he illustrates the
mountain in a wedge-shape and the mountain itself as a small part of the whole, whose root is
deeply entrenched in the ground.5 According to Dr. Press, the mountains play an important role
in stabilizing the crust of the earth.
The Qur’aan clearly mentions the function of the mountains in preventing the earth from
shaking:
“And We have set on the earth Mountains standing firm, Lest it should shake with them.” [Al-
Qur’aan 21:31]
The Qur’aanic descriptions are in perfect agreement with modern geological data.
