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Breast cancer is the second most common reason for cancer deaths in women in the United States, following lung cancer. In 2016, an estimated 246,000 women were diagnosed of invasive breast cancer out of which 40,540 will be fatal. Breast cancer is not just unique to women; there have been cases where men were diagnosed of the same.
To put into perspective, about 2,600 men from the US were diagnosed and four hundred and forty died of breast cancer in 2016. On the bright side however, the number of cases has fallen, thanks to early detection and improvement in medical treatments. The five year survival rate, which is the number of women that live on for five years or more expressed in percentages is eighty-nine per cent. However, if the cancer is only limited to the breast, then the five year survival rate is an uplifting ninety-nine per cent where about sixty-one per cent of the cases are diagnosed.

(1). Breast cancer is thus, a formidable foe and there’s a necessity to overcome it by increased public awareness coupled with timely diagnosis and treatment.​

Symptoms: One of the main symptoms that is considered the biggest sign that you may have breast cancer is if you were to notice any lumps or areas on your breast with visibly thickened tissue. Though it is recommended you visit you doctor to have it analysed by him/her, it is to be mentioned that not all lumps denote breast cancer.
A few other symptoms include: – Change in size or shape of either or both the breasts. – Discharge in the form of blood or other fluids from your nipples. – Swelling or a lump in either or both your armpits. – Dimpling on the skin of your breasts – Rash on or around your nipple or – A change in the appearance of your nipple.​
Risk Factors:​The reason for the formation of abnormal cells and their subsequent tumours is in the works by medical professionals worldwide. However, they were able to list down a few risk factors that could lead to an individual being potentially diagnosed of breast cancer.​
Age: With a rise in age comes a rise in the risk of being diagnosed of breast cancer- women over the age of fifty comprise of eight out of ten of the total number of cases.
Previous Benign Breast Lump: As mentioned earlier, a benign breast tumour or lump is not cancerous. However, it could be an indication of a cancer that may arise in the future.
Breast Density: A breast’s density is based on the amount of glandular tissue (tissue responsible for producing milk is present in the breast itself.) What this means for breast cancer is that there are now more glandular cells in the breast that may turn abnormal and thus cancerous. So a higher breast density has been correlated with a higher risk.

A few of the tests your doctor may recommend are:
Breast Examination: As mentioned earlier, one of the biggest signs that you may have breast cancer is in the form of lumps on scars you may have on the breast region. Physical examination can be performed by the patient herself and can be brought to light to her doctor, if she finds any abnormalities. Any further tests depend on this initial step.
Mammogram: Is an x-ray based screening test focused on the breasts and aimed at finding any abnormalities that may persist in that region.​
Breast Ultrasound: Where a mammogram excels at finding lumps closer to the surface of the breast, a breast ultrasound can help image tumours that may exist deeper within and also provide a clearer picture of the status quo.
Biopsy of the breast: A sure shot method of detecting breast cancer, this involves taking a sample of the tissue present and analysing for cancerous cells. It also helps to provide an idea about the extent and stage of the cancer.
MRI: Makes use of magnetic and radio waves to image the breast region and help look for tumours and other abnormalities pointing towards cancer.

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