For the third part of these short series I will focus on the water-spirit Nykr, found in several Nordic and Northern European folktales. It is important to study folklore material because, rather than dying out, folklore transforms itself gradually into something different, in order to accompany the evolution of the social realities of populations. As such, we can find in folklore several magico-religious rites from which folk beliefs have originated from and developed.

Bibliography at the end of this video.

Introduction - 00:00
The Nykr - 01:38
Stigmatization & Demonization - 06:28
Agrarian-Animism in Folklore - 11:59
Evolution of Nordic Agriculture - 16:12
Industrialization and Social Impacts - 26:56
Nøkk's Attraction - 31:10
The Horse - 33:41
The Black Dog - 35:57
Mediating with Harmful Spirits - 38:34
Children's Bane - 41:27
Sacrificial Rites - 44:44
Apotropaic Rites - 47:42
Söetrold - Óðinn - 55:01
Söetrold - Njörðr - 01:01:28
Fossegrim - 01:04:34
Temporal Boundaries - 01:09:17
Bibliography & End Screen - 01:12:44

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