The airspeed indicator is one of three instruments used by the Pitot-Static System. The airspeed indicator uses both Pitot air (or Ram air) and Static air. In my video, on Pitot-Static Systems, I discussed the differences between Pitot air and Static air. This difference is only found when the aircraft has a velocity. When the aircraft is moving and has a velocity or airspeed, the dynamic pressure is greater than zero and this dynamic pressure adds to the pressure being sourced in the pitot probe. Therefore, when the aircraft has airspeed the pressure from the pitot source (total pressure) is larger than the pressure from the static source (static pressure).
Daniel Bernoulli's equation proves mathematically that this phenomenon of the difference in total pressure and static pressure is equal to the dynamic pressure which is a function of velocity or airspeed.
The airspeed indicator does not act as a computer to calculate Bernoulli's equation of flow but instead uses a diaphragm or aneroid wafer. The pitot source fills the wafer with air at total pressure while the static source fills around the wafer with air at static pressure. When the aircraft is moving and there is a component of dynamic pressure, the total pressure inside the wafer becomes larger than the static pressure surrounding the wafer. The larger pressure inside the wafer causes it to expand. As the wafer expands, a connected gear system spins the dial on the face of the instrument giving an indication of airspeed.
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🛫 Timestamps:
00:00 Intro
00:11 How Airspeed Indicator work?
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