Dr. Manishika Jain explains NCERT Class 7 Political Science Chapter 4: Growing Up as Boys & Girls
Gender: Biological distinction b/w male & female
Explains inequalities and power relations
Differences in socialization and roles to play
Roles women play & work they do are usually valued less than the roles men play and the work they do
Identity: Sense of self-awareness of who one is
Case Studies
Samoa (1920s)
• Island in Pacific Ocean
• Children didn’t go to school in 1920s
• Fishing was important activity
• Most works were learnt at home
• Boys joined for outdoor activity like fishing and planting coconut
• Girls looked after younger ones
• Girls as teenagers went on fishing expeditions independently, weave baskets, cook at home
MP (1960s)
• Separate schools for boys and girls
• Total seclusion and safety from outside world – central courtyard for girls
• Open playground for boys
• Girls: Straight to home – fear of being teased or attacked
Where this starts?
At an early age
With distinctions in roles to play
Boys given cars & girls given dolls
Now with colors, Boys associated with blue and girls with pink
Differences occur in:
• Dressing
• Talking
• Games
• Subjects to choose
• Career to pick
Same status is not enjoyed
Valuing Housework
• Housework
• Caregiving
• Looking after family
• Looking after children, elderly and sick
• This comes naturally and is never paid
• Society devalues this work (no proper recognition is given)
Domestic Workers
• Mainly women
• Sweeping and cleaning
• Washing clothes and dishes
• Cooking
• Looking after young children or elderly
• Low wages
• Hard Work
• Heavy physical work
• Fetch water
• Carry heavy loads of firewood
• Stoves are strenuous and physically demanding
• Double burden with working women
Work & Equality
• Equality given in our constitution
• No discrimination should exist
• Positive steps to remedy the situation
• Burden of child-care and housework falls on women and girls
• Anganwadis established
• Mandatory for organizations that have more than 30 women employees to provide crèche facilities
• Making possible for more girls to attend schools
Case Studies @1:13
Samoa (1920s) @1:14
MP (1960s) @2:31
Where this Starts? @3:01
Differences Occur in @3:38
Valuing Housework @3:53
Domestic Workers @4:48
Work & Equality @6:08
#Organization #Mandatory ##Discrimination #Domestic #Caregiving #Distinction #Associated #Dressing #Manishika #Examrace #examrace #upsc #ugcnet
