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For more videos on APUSH Unit 8, check out the playlist.
In this video Heimler takes you through Unit 8 Topic 8 of the AP U.S. History curriculum which is set in period 8 (1945-1980).
As the French colony of Indochina (Vietnam) threw off its colonial rulers, it quickly became a pawn for a proxy war in the larger context of the Cold War. North Vietnam settled into a communist government led by Ho Chi Minh, while South Vietnam remained democratic and had strong ties to the United States.
John F. Kennedy had been sending "military advisors" to Vietnam by the thousands, and when the North Vietnamese invaded the South, American troops were already on the ground.
After Kennedy's assassination, Lyndon B. Johnson took office and sought to win the war by incremental escalation, which never seemed to work. However, the Gulf of Tonkin incident gave Johnson all the pretext he needed to ask Congress to give him authority to continue the military escalation. It wasn't an official declaration of war, and that became very controversial in time.
However, after years of escalation and mounting protests at home, Johnson finally ended the push for more soldiers in Vietnam. Richard Nixon adopted the policy of Vietnamization in order to facilitate American extraction from the war.
