Project 75-I

2 years back, In July, 2021, the MoD formally issued an RFP, for the construction of the six designated submarines, worth ₹43,000 crore (US$5.7 billion), under a “Strategic Partnership” model. The foreign partner will be called collaborator or supporter and the Indian partner will be known as strategic partner. More than 60% of the worth of the project is going to be invested in the Indian Industry. MOD has selected Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL) and L&T as the strategic partners. The two Indian shipyards would have to collaborate with shortlisted foreign OEM’s, who are competing in the project which includes: Russia’s Rubin Design Bureau with the Amur 1650, France’s Naval Group with a conventional Barracuda design, Spain’s Navantia with the S-80 Plus, Germany’s TKMS HDW 214 & South Korea’s DSME with the DSME 3000.

Trouble with project-75I RFP

Almost 2 years has passed, however India is yet to finalise the foreign OEM for its next generation conventional submarines. The stringency of the timelines in RFP and requirement of tested and proven Air Independent Propulsion system fitted on a submarine and it should be operational is the major reason for disqualification of France and Russia which has already withdrew from the Project-75I. Only 2 OEMs – DSME of South Korea and TKMS of Germany fully qualify.


Why is Germany considered to be leading?

This brings Germany ahead in the competition, but it would be a single vendor situation. To avoid this MoD has asked the TKMS of Germany to make two separate bids – one with MDL and another with L&T.

Interestingly, the collaboration with TKMS is not something new for MDL. Indian Navy is currently operating 4 Shishumar or Type-209 Class submarine. The first two vessels were built by TKMS in Germany, while the remaining 2 were assembled by Mazagon Dock Limited under a technology transfer agreement but with very little indigenous content. A multi-disciplinary design team was also trained for almost two years in Germany to acquire knowledge of HDW submarine design with access to relevant software, design data, empirical formulae, linked values of design coefficients and were considered capable of designing a conventional submarine. This team now forms the backbone of Submarine Design Group (SDG) – a premier organisation of the Indian Navy.

But Irony is that still India cannot design an indigenous submarine. However, you would be surprised to know that the South Korean firm DSME which is a contender for Project-75I has designed its submarine based on the ToT of Type-209 submarine from Germany. Of course, DSME has refined the design further.

Germany’s mature AIP Tech

One more reason for Germany being strong contender for the project 75I is their fuel cell-based AIP propulsion. The AIP system developed and deployed by the TKMS has no moving parts. That makes detection of such a submarine virtually impossible. HDW Class 212, HDW Class 214 and HDW Class Dolphin AIP submarines are powered by an HDW fuel cell plant. The operational fuel cell-based AIP is one of the main criteria of Indian Navy where HDW fits pretty well.

Indian & German DM to discuss on Project-75I

On 6th June, Indian and German defence ministers are going to have discussion o the Project-75I submarine. The Defence Minister Rajnath Singh will hold bilateral defence talks with his counterparts from the United States and Germany, Lloyd Austin and Boris Pistorius next week with the objective of enhancing the military and industrial ties. The defence minister will hold talks with the US Secretary of Defence Lloyd Austin on June 5 while the meeting with his German counterpart is scheduled a day later. During his conversation with Boris Pistorius, the Indian defence minister is expected to discuss the deal for construction of six conventional submarines under project-75I. During his four-day stay in India, Boris Pistorius will also meet a few defence start-ups during an event organised by Innovations for Defence Excellence (iDEX) in New Delhi. On June 7, he will travel to Mumbai to visit Headquarters, Western Naval Command and Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited.

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