Physiologic effects:
Hypertension & tachycardia
Coronary vasoconstriction
↑ Platelet activity & thrombus formation
Signs / symptoms:
Myocardial ischemia or infarction
Aortic dissection
Neurologic ischemia or stroke
Treatment / management:
Benzodiazepines & nitroglycerin
Beta blockers should be avoided
CCBs for persistent chest pain
Phentolamine for persistent hypertension
± PCI for myocardial infarction
