In this simulation, a simple phase field model of grain growth is coupled with the heat transfer problem. The cuboidal domain is initially seeded with spherical crystalline nuclei and the system is set to room temperature. This causes the crystalline nuclei grow, merge, and form equiaxed polycrystal grains. At time t=250, a Gaussian heat source is applied in a corner of the domain. The temperature increases, causing the reverse phase transformation. At time t=800, when the heat source is removed and the system cools down, the system undergoes epitaxial grain growth from the existing grains resulting into a columnar grain microstructure.

Left: grain and grain boundary phase; Center: solid/liquid phase, Right: temperature; Right bottom: temperature evolution in the corner point.

Visualized using: Paraview 5.10.0

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