One of the rarest Pharaonic astronomical phenomena in the world, is penetration of sun rays perpendicular to the face of King Ramesses II in his great temple in the city of Abu Simbel, south of Aswan.
The sun rays penetrate the entrance corridor of Abu Simple Temple to reach the Holy of Holies.
The Holy of Holies consists of a platform that includes a statue of King Ramses II sitting, next to it a statue of the god Ra, his sister Hor, the god Amun, and a fourth statue of the god Ptah.
This phenomenon persists 20 minutes up to 25 minutes on that day.
There are two stories about the reason for the perpendicularity of the sun.
The first is that the ancient Egyptians designed the temple based on the movement of the astronomy to determine the start of the agricultural season and its fertilization, and the other is to start the harvest season.
The second story is that these two days coincide with the day of the birth of King Ramesses II and the day of his accession to the throne.
