🔹️Fetal Echocardiography🔹️

✅Fetal Cardiomyopathy

Fetal cardiomyopathy refers to a very rare situation where a cardiomyopathy occurs in utero. It is often a diagnosis of exclusion where, by definition, there is an absence of an underlying congenital cardiac morphological anomaly.

Fetal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is relatively more common while fetal dilated cardiomyopathy is relatively rarer.

👨‍💻Associations:

A fetal cardiomyopathy can have a broad spectrum of syndromic, as well non-syndromic, associations, which include:

- Barth syndrome:

👉X-linked disorder which can result in a fetal dilated cardiomyopathy.

- Congenital infection:

👉Generally tend to develop a dilated cardiomyopathy.

- Endocardial fibroelastosis related to maternal anti-Ro/La antibodies: generally tend to develop a dilated cardiomyopathy

- Noonan syndrome:

👉Tend to develop a hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

- Maternal diabetes:

👉Tend to develop a hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

- Twin-twin transfusion syndrome:

👉The pump twin may develop a hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Ultrasound findings:

- Often the fetal heart is enlarged resulting in an increased cardiothoracic circumferential ratio.

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