In this fully Animated Lecture, you will learn about the basic differences between distinct classes of compounds, known as Organic Compounds & Inorganic Compounds.
Some basic differences are given here.
Those compounds that contain Carbon as an essential element, known as organic compounds.
For example, plants produce Carbohydrates that contain Carbon atoms. The proteins synthesized by animals are made up of amino acids, that contain carbon as a central atom. similarly, lipids are made up of fatty acids, and also contain carbon atoms. so in simple words, All the carbon compounds are Organic.
Inorganic compounds are those compounds that don't contain Carbon atoms.
Examples.table salt is made up of sodium and chloride ion, water is a combination of 2 hydrogens and 1 oxygen, sulphuric acid used in batteries is a combination of hydrogen, sulphur and oxygen. All these compounds are inorganic, because they don't contain carbon. In summary, the difference between organic and inorganic, lies in the presence of carbon.
Carbon Compounds that are not Organic?
However, there are some Exceptional cases. there are some carbon-containing compounds that do not fall under the category of organic compounds. Here are a few examples. Carbonates like sodium carbonate. Bicarbonates like sodium bicarbonate. cyanides like potashium cyanide. carbides like calcium carbide and oxides. like Carbon dioxide.
These compounds are considered inorganic despite containing carbon. because, their properties are quite different, from those of organic compounds.
some more difference between organic and inorganic compounds.
Organic compounds are mostly obtained from Organisms, Plants and animals.like carbohydrates are mostly obtained, from plants while proteins are obtained from animals. On the other hand. Inorganic compounds are mostly obtained from minerals and rocks. that are found in earth crust.like quarts which is chemically silicon dioxide, obtained from minerals.while calcite that is chemically calcium carbonate is obtained, from rocks.
Organic and inorganic componds can be distinguished, on the basis of their composition. Organic Compounds are made up of a few elements.Carbon is an essential constituent of all organic compounds. other elements are. Hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, halogen and sulphur. On the other hand, inorganic compounds are made up of, almost all the elements, of the Periodic Table known so far.
Organic compounds mostly contain Covalent bonds like, Methane which is used as, natural gas, contains a central carbon atom, which is covalently bonded with four hydrogen atoms, on the other hand, inorganic compounds mostly contain ionic bonds, like salt which is made up of sodium and chloride ions, the bond between them is known as ionic Bond.
Most of the Organic compounds are colourless,for example vinegar and glycerine are colourless,and both are organic in nature.on the other hand inorganic compounds are colourful compounds,like copper sulphate is blue,while cobalt chloride is pink in its colour.
In summary, organic compounds are defined by their carbon-based structure and are fundamental to life, while inorganic compounds lack carbon-hydrogen bonds and exhibit a vast diversity in structure and applications.
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