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City of Ladue v. Horn | 720 S.W.2d 745 (1986)
A zoning ordinance is a municipal law that outlines which specific areas of the city can be used for a particular purpose—whether residential, commercial, industrial, or some combination of the three. The court considered the constitutionality of a zoning ordinance in the nineteen eighty-six case City of Ladue versus Horn.
In July of nineteen eighty-one, Joan Horn and E. Terrence Jones bought a seven-bedroom, four-bathroom house located in a single-family residential zone in Ladue, Missouri. Horn and Jones had three teenaged children from previous relationships who lived with them in the house. Although Horn and Jones were unmarried, they shared a bedroom, ate their meals together, maintained a joint-checking account for the household expenses, and disciplined each other’s children. Horn and Jones had been living in the house for two years before an anonymous complaint prompted the City of Ladue to demand that they move out.
When the couple refused, Ladue sued, alleging that their household wasn’t a family within the meaning of Ladue’s zoning ordinance, so they couldn’t live in an area zoned for single-family residences. The ordinance defined the term family as one or more individuals related by blood, marriage, or adoption and living together as a single housekeeping organization. The purpose of the ordinance, broadly stated, was to promote the health, safety, morals, and general welfare of the city. Horn and Jones counterclaimed, alleging that the ordinance was unconstitutional. The trial court issued an injunction ordering the couple to break up their household. Horn and Jones appealed to the Missouri Court of Appeals and were allowed to continue living in their house during the appeal.
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