Mutation is a term used in genetics to describe a change in the DNA sequence of an organism's genome. This change can occur due to a variety of factors, including errors in DNA replication, exposure to radiation or chemicals, or the insertion of foreign DNA into the genome.
Mutations can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral, depending on their effect on the organism. Beneficial mutations can lead to new traits or adaptations that increase the organism's survival or reproductive success, while harmful mutations can cause diseases or reduce an organism's fitness. Neutral mutations have no significant effect on the organism.
Mutations are the ultimate source of genetic variation in populations, and they are essential for evolution to occur. They provide the raw material for natural selection to act upon, allowing populations to adapt to changing environmental conditions over time.
What is Mutation?
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