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Question:
A patient who is dying of cancer tells the nurse that he is in extreme pain. Which of the following principles should the nurse adhere to when managing pain in a dying patient? Select all that apply.
Answer:
A. Determine if the patient has developed drug tolerance
D. Discuss increasing the dose of pain medication with the physician
E. Monitor for side effects of increasing opioid use
Rationale:
Cancer pain is common among dying patients; some healthcare providers do not like to administer high doses of pain medications because they fear addiction or side effects. A patient with cancer may develop medication tolerance and may need more pain medication as part of palliative care if he is dying.
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