What are Fats?
You may want to get rid of your extra fat because you may think that fats are useless in your body, but the case is otherwise. It is good to get rid of your extra fat but fats in normal quantity are beneficial for the human body. In fact not only in humans but also in other mammals like whales.
Today we will find out how fats play a crucial role in the bodies of humans and other mammals. Like carbohydrates, fats are also energy-providing foods. Fats include animal and vegetable fats and are commonly used as food stores, especially by animals. Like Carbohydrates, they are also composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, but unlike carbohydrates, fats contain much less oxygen in proportion to hydrogen.
Fats can be split into simpler compounds by hydrolysis. When they are hydrolyzed they yield
fatty acids and glycerol.
Fats and Oils
We call coconut oil an oil, but when we place it in a refrigerator, it soon hardens into a mass of
fat. Thus the difference between fats and oils lies in their state. Fats are solid and oils are liquid at 20 0 C or room temperature. Here we shall use the term “fat” to refer to both solid and liquid animal and vegetable fats.
Fats have many functions in the body. To start with, it is an efficient source and storage of
energy, it acts as an insulating material present beneath the skin, to prevent heat loss. In
mammals that live in the water, there is a greater tendency to lose heat therefore, animals such as whales have a thick layer of blubber beneath the skin which helps to hold body heat.
Sex hormones and related hormones are made of fats. One of the main composition of the partially permeable membrane are also fats which is why the membranes are also called the ‘lipid bilayer’. Fats also reduce the rate of heat loss from the skin.
How can I include fats in my diet? Fats can be included in our diets by eating foods like butter,
cheese, fatty meat, olives, many nuts, and seeds of castor oil, palm oil, and many leguminous
plants. Fats are abundant in the liver of many fish, e.g. sharks.
Humans and other mammals can manufacture their own fat requirements, thus fat is not essential in the diet. Fats should be avoided in the diet of people who have developed gallstones in their gallbladders.
Fats can be classified into two types saturated and unsaturated fats. The types of fats occurring in animal bodies are called saturated fats. Usually found together with saturated fats is a fatty substance called cholesterol. Cholesterol may get deposited on the inside of arteries.
This may cause a heart attack. Vegetable fats are unsaturated fats. They do not cause heart disease. In fact, they should be substituted for animal fats as often as possible.
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Timestamp:
00:00 What are fats?
00:38 Composition of fats
00:47 Hydrolisis of fats
00:56 Fats and Oils
01:19 Functions of fats in our body
01:54 Classification of fats
02:01 Saturated fats
02:22 Unsaturated fats
02:32 Sources of fats in food
