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Balat is in the old city on the European side of Istanbul, on the western shore of the Golden Horn, sandwiched between Fener and Ayvansaray. Historically, it was the centre of the Jewish community in Istanbul.

The name Balat is probably derived from Greek palation (palace), from Latin palatium, after the nearby Palace of Blachernae.

As in neighbouring Fener, Balat's back streets are lined with small stone two and three-storey terraced houses and a few grander mansions. in the 2010s Balat become one of the hottest parts of the city for tourism, including domestic tourism, and many of the houses have been turned into cafes, restaurants and accommodation for visitors. Many of the houses have been repainted in bright colours to give a distinctive feel to the neighbourhood.


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Attractions :
The Church of St. Stephen of the Bulgars (AKA The Iron Church) stands on the shore of the Golden Horn where Fener runs into neighbouring Balat and is unique in that it was built entirely from prefabricated iron shipped down the Danube from Vienna and then reconstructed in Balat. It is the base for the Bulgarian Exarchate which broke away from the Orthodox Patriarchate in 1872. The church reopened after complete restoration in 2018.

Originally founded in the 15th century to serve a congregation of Jews from Ochrid, the Ahrida Synagogue contains a beautiful wooden bema (pulpit) and is historically important because it was where Sabbetai Tsvi announced his breakaway beliefs in 1666. Originally built in the 15th century for a congregation of Jews from Bulgaria, the Yanbol Synagogue has a particularly beautiful painted ceiling.

The house of historian Dimitri Cantemir (1673-1723) sits to the right of the steps that form Merdivenli Mektep Sokak. Although it has been restored ir has since been absorbed into the grounds of a cafe.

The Church of Hagios Georgios Metochi is enclosed in a large compound off Vodina Caddesi and is usually open on the St George's Day. The original church on the site was probably a chapel for one of the governors of Wallachia but by the 17th century it had apparently become a metochion, closely associated with the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem. It was here that the so-called Archimedes Palimpsest was discovered in the early 20th century when a scholar revealed that seven books written by the Greek mathematician Archimedes had been reused to create a prayer-book in the 13th century. Three of them are not known in any other copies.

The large Armenian Church of Surp Hreşdagabed (Church of the Archangels) was built over an ayazma (sacred spring) in the 16th century but rebuilt in the 18th century. Its 19th-century school building now serves as a warehouse used by the city's rubbish collectors. In his travel book Dervish, the journalist Tim Kelsey described the joint Muslim and Christian gathering that used to take place here on one day of the year when sheep and cockerels were sacrificed in hope of a miracle that would heal a disabled member of the community, an event that no longer occurs.

The Ferruh Kethüda Mosque is a minor work of Mimar Sinan (1562) which contains examples of Tekfur Sarayı tiles around its mihrab. The Balat religious court used to convene in its grounds.

The wrecked Sea Walls of Constantinople cut Balat off from the Golden Horn. On the seaward side a plaque memorialises the point in the walls when Sultan Mehmet II's troops poured over the walls on 23 April 1453 during the battle that culminated in the Conquest of Istanbul.

There are several other rarely used Greek Orthodox churches in Balat including the Church of Hagios Ioannis Prodromos (St John the Baptist) which was closely linked to the St Catherine's Monastery in the Sinai Desert in Egypt.

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