With secondary synovial osteochondromatosis, there is an abnormal proliferation of the synovial membrane cells, leading to the formation of multiple cartilaginous nodules or loose bodies within the joint. These nodules can detach and float within the synovial fluid inside the joint. The condition can affect any joint, but it most commonly involves the knee, followed by the hip, elbow, and shoulder joints. The cause of synovial osteochondromatosis is not fully understood, but it is considered a benign metaplasia of the synovial tissue. It can occur spontaneously or be associated with conditions such as osteoarthritis or joint trauma.
Common symptoms of synovial osteochondromatosis include joint pain, swelling, and reduced range of motion. Diagnosis often involves imaging studies such as X-rays, MRI, or arthroscopy to visualize the joint and identify the presence of loose bodies.
