Slideshow extracted from my twitter thread [ Ссылка ]
CAVEATS
• Performance indicators are provided for today, 2020, 2035 and 2050.
• No system-level assessment.
EVALUATED TECHNOLOGIES
• Large hydro (LHP)
• Small hydro (SHP)
• Wind (onshore & offshore)
• Solar photovoltaics (PV)
• Biomass
• Deep geothermal
• Wave and tidal
• Solar thermal (CSP)
• Nuclear
• Natural gas & coal
• Fuel cells
• Novel technologies
TECHNICAL POTENTIALS
1. Power generation mix in Switzerland in 2015
2. Estimated “exploitable potentials“ for additional power generation (w.r.t. 2015) with different fuels and technologies in Switzerland and for power imports from generation abroad in 2050.
ECONOMIC COSTS
1. The 2018 plant-level electricity generation costs (LCOE) *
2. The estimated LCOE for the year 2050 * **
* Ranges reflect variability in terms of site‐conditions, technology characterization and biomass feedstock costs. Ranges for fuel cells, PV and NG CHP are mainly due to system capacities.
** Range for nuclear represent Gen 3+ and SMR designs, since reliable cost estimates for Gen 4 designs, which might be an option in 2050, are not available.
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
• Climate change [kg CO2 eq]
• Ozone depletion [kg CFC‐11 eq]
• Human toxicity, non‐cancer effects [CTUh]
• Human toxicity, cancer effects [CTUh]
• Particulate matter [kg PM2.5 eq]
• Ionizing radiation HH [kBq U235 eq]
• Photochemical ozone formation [kg NMVOC eq]
• Acidification [molc H+ eq]
• Terrestrial eutrophication [molc N eq]
• Freshwater eutrophication [kg P eq]
• Marine eutrophication [kg N eq]
• Freshwater ecotoxicity [CTUe]
• Land use [kg C deficit]
1. The plant-level life cycle GHG emissions of current power generation technologies
2. The plant-level life cycle GHG emissions of power generation technologies in 2050
3. Summary of the life cycle environmental impacts of different power generation technologies.
REFERENCES
• Potentials, costs and environmental assessment of electricity generation technologies, PSI, Technology Assessment group (2019) [ Ссылка ]
• Comello, S., Glenk, G., Reichelstein, S. (2017) Levelized Cost of Electricity Calculator: A User Guide. Stanford Graduate School of Business [ Ссылка ]
• IEA (2015) Projected Costs of Generating Electricity. 2015 Edition. Organization for Economic Co‐ operation and Development/International Energy Agency, Paris, France [ Ссылка ]
• NREL (2018) National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Annual Technology Baseline [ Ссылка ]
