Dr. Ebraheim’s educational animated video describes the anatomy of the Calcaneus bone of the foot, and the injuries and Fractures that affect it, the etiology, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options.
The Achilles tendon connects the calcaneus to the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles in the calf.
The blood supply of the calcaneus comes from the posterior tibial artery and the peroneal artery. The posterior tibial and peroneal arteries give branches to the calcaneus.
Plantar aspect
The plantar fascia is the thick connective tissue which supports the arch on the bottom of the foot. The plantar fascia runs from the tuberosity of the calcaneus forward to the heads of the metatarsal bones.
Tuber angle of Bohler
Formed by a line drawn from the highest point of the anterior process of the calcaneus to the highest point of the posterior facet and a line drawn tangential to the superior edge of the tuberosity. Normal angle is between 20 and 40. A decrease in this angle indicates the collapse of the posterior facet.
Tuber crucial angle of Gissane
Formed by two strong cortical struts extending laterally one along the lateral margin of the posterior facet and the other extending anteriorly to the beak of the calcaneus with an obtuse angle of 95 -105.
The calcaneus is the largest and most frequently fractured of the tarsal bones.
Mechanism of injury
•High energy injuries
•Due to a fall from a height
•Results in axial loading of the heel.
•Lateral process of the talus acts as a wedge resulting in primary fracture line and constant medial fragment.
•Lumbar spine injury 3-15%
•Compartment syndrome 10%.
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