Types of bones anatomy lesson (bone classification). There are four major types of bones, and two minor types of bones.
The four major types of bones are long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones.
The two minor types of bones are sesamoid bones and sutural bones.
This video will list all 206 bones in the human skeleton in its category.
Long bones are the most common type of bone in the human skeleton. These bones can vary in length (short or long), but the key characteristic is that they are longer than they are wide. These bones are going to have a shaft made primarily of compact bone, and two bulky ends, which often contain spongy bone.
Short bones have approximately the same length and width, which gives them a cube-like appearance. They consist mostly of spongy bone that is covered by a thin layer of compact bone.
Sesamoid bones are a special subcategory of short bones that are embedded in tendons.
Flat bones provide protection to vital organs. As the name suggests, they are mostly flat and curved, having a thin plate-like formation. They contain a layer of spongy bone covered by a thin layer of compact bone. Some flat bones contain irregular structures. For example, the scapula bone is a flat bone, but it contains a spine, acromion, and coracoid process that make it appear somewhat irregular.
Sutural bones are tiny, independent bones found within the cranial sutures in some, but not all, individuals.
Irregular bones come in various funky shapes and sizes, and they don’t fit any of the other bone categories.
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