IHC, DRDO official & RR meeting in London
The Indian High commission in London has tweeted regarding its recent meeting with Rolls Royce along with the Director General of DRDO. The discussion was focused on deepening Rolls Royce's existing and planned partnership with Indian in aviation and defence sector. Two pictures were also shared by the Indian High commission. In the first picture we could see a presentation titled “An Indian Engine for AMCA” and in the second picture we could see a turbofan engine.
Basics of fighter jet engine – Low Bypass Turbofan Engine
Turbofan engine is an interesting technology. Its combination of turbine & fan. In these engines a gas turbine is used to generate the mechanical energy via the combustion of fuel. The mechanical energy generated by the gas turbine is used by a ducted fan to force exit of air from engine. The air has to pass through turbine and combustion chamber. Input to the engines is fan thrust and output is jet thrust which pushes the aircraft forward and lifts. In fighter jets, the low bypass turbo fan engines are used in which the jet thrust is more than the fan thrust. This is achieved with help of an afterburner section in the engine. An afterburner injects additional fuel into a combustor in the jet pipe behind the turbine. Therefore, it is called afterburner.
110-120 kN Engine for AMCA
To become completely self-reliant in the indigenous engine development, India should be able to develop the engines which can generate thrust of 110-120 kN. The engine should be able to power AMCA - the upcoming 5th generation fighter jet of India. AMCA Mark-2 which will be integrated with the indigenous engine is expected to enter production after 2032. 10 years will not be enough for GTRE to develop a 110-120 kN engine due to lack of expertise on modern low bypass turbofan (LBTF) engine. Racing against time, DRDO is looking for assistance of foreign OEMs such as Rolls Royce and Safran.
UK-India cooperation
After the visit of UK Prime Minister Borris Johnson in April 2022, a statement was issued by the British High Commission in India which said that both leaders “noted cooperation in key areas of strategic collaboration including modern fighter aircraft and jet engine advanced core technology”. In response, the India Prime Minister Narendra Modi welcomed the UK announcement of an ‘open general export license’ [in defense] to facilitate technology engagement with India, and the open opportunity for India to participate in the UK’s aviation and naval shipbuilding programs.
Rolls Royce has long standing tie up with HAL and has been manufacturing in engines in Indian for 60 years. The company currently powers the Indian Air Force’s Jaguar deep penetration aircraft, Hawk trainers and the C-130 J Super Hercules. They are also keen to partner on co-development of an indigenous engine for Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft, AMCA which is speculated to be a variant of Eurojet EJ200 with thrust of 110-120KN.
Safran Engine offer
DRDO also has offers from French engine maker Safran which has developed M88-4 - a high thrust class engine that can produce thrust of upto 105KN. It is also working on next generation engine that will power 6th gen fighter jets. The commonality between both these engines is that the core is derivative of M88 engine powering Rafale fighters, but the thrust requirement is going to be much higher.
Back in December 2021, The DM Shri Rajnath Singh had informed that France has agreed to make an 'engine' in India under the strategic partnership model. He further added that such an engine is currently not even being made in France. The engine will have next gen FADEC and low IR signature.
There have been several reports this year related to the expected conclusion of deal with Safran however, till date there is no news on that. The recent meeting of Indian High Commission and DRDO official with Rolls Royce indicates that DRDO is still exploring the options with both the engine OEMs.
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