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On a hydraulic braking system that is fitted to most passenger vehicle, there are three brake types:
1) service brakes (brake pedal)
2) parking brakes
3) emergency brakes.

All braking systems are divided into two independent sub-systems, therefore it is rare that service brakes fail.

When you're going up and down the road, you apply the foot pedal and the vehicle comes to a nice gentle stop. Or if you find yourself in an emergency situation, you have the brake pedal and the vehicle comes to a screeching halt.

Although 85% of vehicles in North America are fitted with automatic transmissions and 90% of those drivers don't use the parking brake, all vehicles have parking brakes. And drivers should use the parking brake to prevent undue wear on their transmission when the vehicle is left parked.

And in the event that the brakes fail going up and down the road and the brake pedal doesn't work, the driver can apply the parking brake. When the brakes fail and the driver uses the parking brake to bring the vehicle to a stop, the parking brake is now an emergency brake, because--oddly enough--it is now an emergency situation.

Ai brakes have the same three types of brakes:
1) service brakes (brake pedal)
2) parking brakes
3) emergency brakes.

What has confused students since air brake courses were implement in the 1970s is that instructors refer to service brakes as air brakes and spring brakes as parking and emergency brakes. There has not been a clear terminology, and this lack of clarity has served to confuse air brake students.

So, the three brake types are the same. What is different is that power source that applies the brakes.

On a hydraulic system, hydraulic pressure applies the service brakes. The parking/emergency brakes are applied with a cable and lever. The energy to move the lever comes from the driver.

The only difference between the brakes on a hydraulic system and those on an air brake system is the power source and that the emergency brakes on your car are applied manually - on an air brake system, the emergency brakes apply automatically.

On an air brake system, the driver pushes the brake pedal and applies the service brakes going up and down the road. When the driver parks the vehicle, she/he pulls the parking control valve on the dash and exhausts the air from the spring brake chamber. Exhausting the air pressure allows the large, powerful springs to expand which applies the parking brakes.

While the vehicle is going up and down the road, the large powerful springs are held in the released position by air pressure. If the air pressure is lost, the large powerful spring will expand and begin to automatically apply the emergency brakes.

Both hydraulic and air brake systems are the same. Both have parking brakes where the parking/emergency brakes are one and the same. The only difference is that the emergency brakes on your car are applied manually and on an air brake system these apply automatically.

What has confused students is referring to parking/emergency brakes as spring brakes.

Good luck on your road test!
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