During Mao Zedong's rule from 1949 to 1976, China underwent significant social, political, and economic changes. Mao's leadership focused on creating a communist society, leading to initiatives like the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution. These policies aimed to rapidly industrialize China and eliminate traditional culture, but resulted in economic setbacks, famine, and social upheaval. Mao's rule also impacted China's international relations, as he pursued self-reliance and distanced the country from both the Soviet Union and the United States. Despite controversy, Mao's rule brought unity and addressed inequalities, leaving a lasting impact on China's history.
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