This video is an introduction to Structuralism, specifically focusing on the birth of Semiotics as a result of the work of Ferdinand de Saussure

Edit: In response to comments asking about the relationship between Syntagm and Paradigm: Syntagms (as mentioned in the video) are language "signs" as defined in the video, and a syntagmatic relationship is the process of ordering those signs to make a clear meaning (the example of "the dog barks at the bird" is an example of this). A paradigm refers to other signs that could substitute for one of the syntagms in such a relationship. So, we could substitute the word "car", "cat", or "mailman" for "bird" in that sentence and it would still make sense, but we probably couldn't use the word "cloud" (unless you have a very odd dog) because most dogs don't bark at clouds. Any sign that can substitute for another is considered to be in a paradigmatic relationship with that other sign. A paradigm is the set of signs that are associated with some other sign that all belong to some category that they all share (in this case, things that dogs will bark at).

I hope that maybe clears up some confusion- sorry for not putting this in the original video!

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