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Domenico Scarlatti (1685 - 1757):
SONATA IN C MAJOR (K513/S3)

Mary Vanhoozer-Rodriguez (2019) - Live recording

"Pastorale" refers to something of a pastoral nature in music, whether in form or in mood. A pastoral lifestyle is that of shepherds herding livestock around open areas of land according to seasons and the changing availability of water and pasture.

Common examples include the last movement of Corelli's Christmas Concerto, the third movement of Vivaldi's Spring concerto from The Four Seasons, the Pifa movement of Handel's Messiah, the first movements of Bach's Pastorale (BWV 590) for organ, and the Sinfonia that opens part II of his Christmas Oratorio as an introduction to the angelic announcement to the shepherds.

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Domenico Scarlatti was an Italian composer who spent much of his life in the service of the Portuguese and Spanish royal families. His music was influential in the development of the Classical style and he was one of the few Baroque composers to transition into the classical period. Like his renowned father Alessandro Scarlatti, he composed in a variety of musical forms, although today he is known mainly for his 555 keyboard sonatas.

Only a small fraction of Scarlatti's compositions were published during his lifetime; Scarlatti himself seems to have overseen the publication in 1738 of the most famous collection, his 30 Essercizi ("Exercises"). These were well received throughout Europe, and were championed by the foremost English writer on music of the eighteenth century, Charles Burney. Ralph Kirkpatrick numbered these sonatas K1 - K30.

The many sonatas that were unpublished during Scarlatti's lifetime have appeared in print irregularly in the two and a half centuries since. Scarlatti has attracted notable admirers, including Béla Bartók, Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli, Pieter-Jan Belder, Johannes Brahms, Frédéric Chopin, Emil Gilels, Enrique Granados, Marc-André Hamelin, Vladimir Horowitz, Franz Liszt, Ivo Pogorelich, Scott Ross, Heinrich Schenker, András Schiff, and Dmitri Shostakovich.

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