Immunoglobulin A nephropathy, also known as Berger’s disease, is characterized by predominant IgA deposition in the glomerular mesangium.
It is one of the most common causes of glomerulonephritisis and occurs when IgA deposits build up in the kidneys, causing inflammation that damages kidney tissues.
IgA is an antibody—a protein made by the immune system to protect the body from foreign substances such as bacteria or viruses
IgA nephropathy affects the kidneys by attacking the glomeruli. The glomeruli are sets of looping blood vessels in nephrons—the tiny working units of the kidneys that filter wastes and remove extra fluid from the blood.
The buildup of IgA deposits inflames and damages the glomeruli, causing the kidneys to leak blood and protein into the urine. The damage may lead to scarring of the nephrons that progresses slowly over many years.
Eventually, IgA nephropathy can lead to end-stage kidney disease, sometimes called ESRD, which means the kidneys no longer work well enough to keep a person healthy.
When a person’s kidneys fail, he or she needs a transplant
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