We’ve explored a fraction of the ocean, most of the Earth, and parts of our Solar System. But, do you ever wonder what everything around us is made up of? You might be surprised that the most abundant elements in the universe are limited on Earth.

What happens below the Earth’s crust is inaccessible to us, but not for our lack of trying. In 1970, we tried to dig a hole that would go below the crust. The hole was just 9 inches in diameter, and it’s considered to be the deepest hole in the world – in terms of true vertical depth.

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TIMESTAMPS:
Oxygen 1:17
Aluminum Oxide 1:45
Hydrogen 2:11
Carbon 3:27
Chromium 3:47
Zinc 4:05
Nitrogen 4:17
Hafnium 4:49
Iodine 5:41
Helium 6:13
Why can’t we find Helium on Earth? 6:46
Neon 7:05
Platinum 7:39
Gold 7:59
The rarest element on Earth! 8:21

#chemistry #strangethings #brightside

SUMMARY:
- Oxygen would be #1 on that list. Apart from its presence in the atmosphere as a gas, it’s also present in rocks.
- The 10th most abundant element in our list is Hydrogen. It’s the simplest element in the Universe and it goes all the way back to the Big Bang.
- The 17th most abundant element is carbon, which is also the second most common element in our bodies, holding 18% of its mass.
- Iodine is the 61st element on the list. It’s the heaviest of the stable halogens and it has a dark purply color. It was first discovered in 1811, but was given a name 2 years later.
- Which is why helium balloons rush to reach the sky when you let go of them. Helium is also the first noble gas, which means that it doesn’t react with other elements to form compounds.
- At #74, we have platinum. It’s mostly found in copper and nickel ores in South Africa.
- And now it’s time for the rarest element on Earth: Astatine, with the most stable isotope, has an 8-hour half-life.
- Chemists were on the hunt for this missing element for decades. They believe that it has a shiny black metallic color.
- Until they found it, they gave it the name Eka-iodine, since it belonged to the same family with Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, and Iodine.

Preview photo credit:
Astatine: By Elahe81 - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0 [ Ссылка ], [ Ссылка ]
Animation is created by Bright Side.

CC BY-SA 3.0 [ Ссылка ]:
The borehole (welded shut), August 2012: By Rakot13, [ Ссылка ]
Kola Superdeep Borehole: By Andre Belozeroff, [ Ссылка ]
Distrikt Mysore, Karnataka, Indien: By Parent Géry, [ Ссылка ]
Several corundum crystals: By Ra'ike, [ Ссылка ]
Natural ruby with inclusions: By Humanfeather, [ Ссылка ]
Pieces of hafnium: By Deglr6328, [ Ссылка ]

CC BY-SA 4.0 [ Ссылка ]:
A magnox fuel rod: By Geni, [ Ссылка ]
Liquid iodine on the bottom of a beaker: By VelichkoArkadiy, [ Ссылка ]
An aerial photograph of a platinum mine in South Africa: By Ryanj93, [ Ссылка ]
Astatine: By Elahe81, [ Ссылка ]

By Wiener Edelstein Zentrum, CC BY-SA 3.0 [ Ссылка ]:
Padparaja sapphire, cushion, 2.28cts, [ Ссылка ]
Sapphire, radiant cut, untreated, Sri Lanka 1.15cts, [ Ссылка ]
Yellow sapphire untreated 0.67cts, [ Ссылка ]
Purple sapphire, pearshape, 3.20cts, [ Ссылка ]
Sapphire pink octagon 1.17cts, [ Ссылка ]
Animation is created by Bright Side.

Music by Epidemic Sound [ Ссылка ]

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