This video is about the mechanism of action of Zidovudine and NRTIs / mnemonics.
The HIV enters macrophages and CD4 T cells by the adsorption of glycoproteins and releases its capsid into the cell.
After entering of the cell, reverse transcriptase enzyme converts viral RNA to DNA.
Zidovudine is a thymedine analogue.
ZDV is a prodrug and must be activated by phosphorylation in lymphocytes to exert its antiviral action.
HIV reverse transcriptase fails to correct erroneously incorporated nucleotides
Once incorporated, zidovudine leads to DNA chain termination and stops further DNA synthesis.
Prolonged treatment can lead to HIV developing resistance to zidovudine by mutation of its reverse transcriptase.
#pharmacologymadeeasy #pharmacology #hivtreatment
(Reference) I express my gratitude and respect for your wonderful achievements.
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2. Yarchoan R, Klecker R, Weinhold K, Markham P, Lyerly H, Durack D, Gelmann E, Lehrman S, Blum R, Barry D (1986). "Administration of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine, an inhibitor of HTLV-III/LAV replication, to patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex". Lancet. 1 (8481): 575–80. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(86)92808-4. PMID 2869302.
3. Wainberg, M. A.; Brenner, B. G.; Turner, D. (2005). "Changing Patterns in the Selection of Viral Mutations among Patients Receiving Nucleoside and Nucleotide Drug Combinations Directed against Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 49 (5): 1671–1678. doi:10.1128/AAC.49.5.1671-1678.2005. PMC 1087622. PMID 15855480.
4. De Clercq E, Neyts JAntiviral agents acting as DNA or RNA chain terminators
Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2009;(189):53-84.
doi: 10.1007/978-3-540-79086-0_3.
5. Ghodke Yogita, Anderson Peter L, Sangkuhl Katrin, Lamba Jatinder, Altman Russ B, and Klein Teri E.
PharmGKB summary: zidovudine pathway. Pharmacogenetics and genomics. 2012
PMID: 22960662(opens in new window)PMCID: PMC3696524(opens in new window)DOI: 10.1097/FPC.0b013e32835879a8
(Pictures)
1. Abacavir
Yikrazuul - Own work, Public Domain, [ Ссылка ]
2. guanosine
NEUROtiker - Own work, Public Domain, [ Ссылка ]
3. Didanosine
NEUROtiker - Own work, Public Domain, [ Ссылка ]
4. adenosine
NEUROtiker - Own work, Public Domain, [ Ссылка ]
5. Emtricitabine
Yikrazuul - Own work, Public Domain, [ Ссылка ]
6. cytidine
NEUROtiker - Own work, Public Domain, [ Ссылка ]
7. Lamivudine
Vaccinationist - PubChem, Public Domain, [ Ссылка ]
8. Stavudine
NEUROtiker - Own work, Public Domain, [ Ссылка ]
9. thymidine
NEUROtiker - Own work, Public Domain, [ Ссылка ]
10. dAMP
Public Domain, [ Ссылка ]
11. Tenofovir
Anypodetos - based on File:Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate structure.svg, CC0, [ Ссылка ]
12. Zidovudine
Fvasconcellos - Own work, Public Domain, [ Ссылка ]
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