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what is cavitation in control valve

Cavitation occurs in control valves. This happens in liquid media applications. Cavitation occurs when localized low pressure causes bubbles to form and then suddenly collapse. First, the liquid evaporates to vapor. In a control valve, if the liquid's pressure falls below its fluid vapor pressure, vapor bubbles will form. And during pressure recovery these bubbles burst and very high velocity liquid molecules hit the valve and piping downstream. This phenomenon is called Cavitation.

Flashing in Control Valve

In flashing the liquid stays in vapor phase downstream of the valve.

Chocked Flow in Control valve

Usually when the DP across the valve increase the flow increases.
In chocked flow we reach a condition where, with increase in differential pressure there is no increase in the flow rate.
This phenomenon is called chocked flow in control valves.

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