Following the lower East Rift Zone eruption and summit collapse of Kīlauea in 2018, the volcano remained quiet for more than two years. Lava returned to Kīlauea in December 2020, boiling off the water lake that had been present at the base of Halema‘uma‘u crater, and starting a five-month long eruption in Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park. Another ongoing eruption began in Halema‘uma‘u crater at the end of September 2021. These two summit eruptions have showcased lava fountains and fissures, and a dynamic lava lake with islands and a “tilted” surface. Lava from these eruptions has filled Halema‘uma‘u to about half the depth of the 2018 collapse depth. Join USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory geologist Carolyn Parcheta as she shares observations, new scientific results, and interpretations of Kīlauea's recent summit eruptions over the past year in this Volcano Awareness Month talk presented on January 4, 2021. Volcano Awareness Month is spearheaded by the USGS–Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, in cooperation with Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park, Hawaii County Civil Defense Agency, and the University of Hawai‘i at Hilo, and provides informative and engaging public programs about the science and hazards of Hawaiian volcanoes. Photo caption: Aerial view of the Kīlauea summit eruption at approximately 11:20 a.m. HST on December 21, 2020. Two fissures erupt lava into a lava lake in Halema‘uma‘u crater.
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