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Special Thanks to Mindaugas Peleckis
Samogitian language (Žemaitiu rokunda/ruoda/kalba)
Samogitian language is an Eastern Baltic variety spoken mostly in Samogitia (in the western part of Lithuania). It is sometimes treated as a dialect of Lithuanian, but is considered a separate language by most linguists outside Lithuania. Its recognition as a distinct language is increasing in recent years, and attempts have been made to standardize it.
There are about 500,000 native speakers of Samogitians in Samogitia and elswhere in Lithuania, also tens of thousands in the UK, the US and various other countries.
Samogitian language should not be confused with the interdialect of the Lithuanian language as spoken in the Duchy of Samogitia before Lithuanian became a written language, which later developed into one of the two variants of written Lithuanian used in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania based on the so-called middle dialect of the Kėdainiai region. This was called the Samogitian (Žemaitian) language; the term "Lithuanian language" then referred to the other variant, which had been based on the eastern Aukštaitian dialects centred around the capital Vilnius; Samogitian was generally used in the Samogitian Diocese while Lithuanian was generally used in the Vilna Diocese. This Samogitian language was based on western Aukštaitian dialects and is unrelated to what is today called the Samogitian dialect; it is instead the direct ancestor of the modern Lithuanian literary language.
The Samogitian language, heavily influenced by Curonian, originated from the East Baltic proto-Samogitian dialect which was close to Aukštaitian dialects. During the 5th century, Proto-Samogitians migrated from the lowlands of central Lithuania, near Kaunas, into the Dubysa and Jūra basins, as well as into the Samogitian highlands. They displaced or assimilated the local, Curonian-speaking Baltic populations. Further north, they displaced or assimilated the indigenous, Semigallian speaking peoples. Assimilation of Curonians and Semigallians gave birth to the three Samogitian subdialects: "Dounininkų", "Donininkų" and "Dūnininkų."
In the 13th century, Žemaitija became a part of the Baltic confederation called Lietuva (Lithuania), which was formed by Mindaugas. The first time that Samogitia was mentioned in historical sources, was in 1219. Lithuania conquered the coast of the Baltic sea from the Livonian order. The coast was populated by Curonians, but became a part of Samogitia. From the 13th century onwards, Samogitians settled within the former Curonian lands, and intermarried with that population over the next three hundred years. The Curonians had a huge cultural influence upon Samogitian and Lithuanian culture, but they were ultimately assimilated by the 16th century. Its dying language has enormously influenced the dialect, in particular phonetics. The earliest writings in Samogitian language appeared in the 19th century. The newest grammar of Samogitian (see links about it and with an interview with its author, prof. Juozas Pabrėža) proves that it’s a separate language with several dialects and many subdialects.
Here, Povilas Girdenis, a son of famous Samogitian and Lithuanian linguist Aleksas Stanislovas Girdenis (1937–2011), a historian and a musician, speaks his native Dounininkų dialect (Mažeikiai-Tirkšliai subdialect). Povilas Girdenis also provided Samogitian transcription of the story and its translation into Standard Lithuanian. English translation provided by writer, journalist Mindaugas Peleckis.
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