The town of Chur is located in East Switzerland, at "that" Position at the upper end of the Rhine-Valley, where the old trade routes between the Alps and Lake Constance crossed and is the centre of Rhaeto-Romanic Switzerland.
The citizens of the city joined the Reformation in 1523, and their new guild constitution ruled that secular power passed from the bishop to the craft associations. Emperor Frederick the Third confirmed this new freedom, but the bishop did retain, among other things, the customs, minting and hunting laws. In the Reformed Church of Saint Martin the Catholic mass was abolished and the Protestant Last Supper was celebrated for the first time.
In the 13th century the settlement was surrounded by a city wall, where the approximately 1,000 craftsmen, traders and farmers remained within until the 18th century.
Benedikt of Rosthad had his Episcopal Residence built above the roofs of Chur in 1733. Well protected by solid walls. As early as 450 AD, Chur became the first episcopal residence north of the Alps.
In the centre of the courtyard rises the Cathedral of St. Assumption. The columns of the cathedral are decorated with elaborate capitals and seven altars decorate the interior, which is covered by a wooden picture ceiling with fantastic details.
The guild regime came to an end shortly before 1840. A new constitution with freedom of trade was adopted, the guilds lost their legitimacy and disbanded. Chur became the centre of the Three Leagues and in 1820 the capital of Graubünden, and thus a member of the Swiss Confederation.
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