The coloured part of the eye is called the iris. It is composed of two muscles, the constrictor and the dilator. The black circle at the center of the iris is called the pupil, which is an opening to allow light in the eye. The pupil appears black because the inside of the eye contains pigment to absorb all of the light that enters it and not allow any light to reflect back out.
When light enters the eye, there is a muscular reflex in your iris to regulate the amount of light to hit your retina. Too much light, the constrictor muscles tighten, which makes your pupil get smaller to limit the amount of light entering into your eye. Not enough light, the dilator muscles contract, which makes your pupil bigger to allow more light enter the eye.
During a comprehensive eye health exam, your Optometrist will dilate your pupils to evaluate the back of each eye under high magnification. Without dilation, the bright light from optometry equipment automatically causes the pupil to restrict making a smaller opening to look through.
Visit your Optometrist to learn more.
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