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Microscopic Polyangiitis, Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis, Henoch-Schönlein Purpura

Small vessel vasculitis (SVV) encompasses a group of diseases that primarily affect the small blood vessels, such as capillaries, venules, and arterioles. This condition can lead to significant organ and tissue damage due to inflammation and narrowing of the vessels, disrupting blood flow. Common types of SVV include:

Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA), formerly known as Wegener's Granulomatosis: It targets the kidneys, respiratory tract, and skin, causing symptoms like fatigue, kidney problems, and nasal passage inflammation.

Microscopic Polyangiitis (MPA): Affects capillaries, arterioles, and venules, with common symptoms including kidney dysfunction, weight loss, and skin lesions.

Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA), formerly Churg-Strauss Syndrome: Characterized by asthma, eosinophilia, and vasculitis affecting various organs.

Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (HSP): Mostly seen in children, it presents with a purplish rash, joint pain, and abdominal pain.

Cryoglobulinemic Vasculitis: Associated with cryoglobulins in the blood, symptoms include skin ulcers, joint pain, and weakness.

The diagnosis of SVV involves blood tests, imaging studies, and sometimes biopsy of affected tissues. Treatment generally includes corticosteroids and immunosuppressive drugs to reduce inflammation and prevent further vessel damage. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to manage symptoms effectively and prevent serious complications.

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