Members of Parliament voted 494 - 122 in the final vote in favour of the UK government's #Brexit Bill passage through the House of Commons on Wednesday 8th February 2017.
It now goes to the upper house, the House of Lords for deliberation.
Once a bill has completed all the parliamentary stages in both Houses, it is ready to receive royal assent. This is when the Queen formally agrees to make the bill into an Act of Parliament (law).
There is no set time period between the conclusion of consideration of amendments/ping pong and royal assent.
What happens at royal assent?
When royal assent has been given, an announcement is made in both Houses – by the Lord Speaker in the Lords and the Speaker in the Commons.
At prorogation (the formal end to a parliamentary session), Black Rod interrupts the proceedings of the Commons and summons MPs to the Lords chamber to hear the Lords commissioners announce royal assent for the bills passed towards the end of the session which had not received royal assent earlier in the year.
What happens after royal assent?
The legislation within the bill may come into effect immediately, after a set period or only after a commencement order by a government minister.
A commencement order is designed to bring into force the whole or part of an Act of Parliament at a date later than the date of the royal assent.
If there is no commencement order, the Act will come into force from midnight at the start of the day of the royal assent.
The practical implementation of an Act is the responsibility of the appropriate government department, not Parliament.
Once the Act is implemented #Article50 of the Lisbon Treaty will be formally invoked by the Prime Minister and the UK's withdrawal from the European Union will begin.
At the most, the process could last for up to two years, depending upon trade negotiations - then once an agreement is reached, the UK becomes a fully sovereign and independent country once again.
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