Gamma Ray Burst 🥵
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are the most powerful and violent explosions in the known universe. These brief flashes of high-energy light result from some of the universe's most explosive events, including the birth of black holes and collisions between neutron stars.
gamma-ray burst illustration showing a bright white jet of material emitted from the center of a swirling orange and brown cloud of material.
An illustration of a gamma-ray burst erupting from a dense environment around a collapsing massive star (Image credit: NASA, ESA and M. Kornmesser)
Lasting a few milliseconds to several minutes, according to NASA, GRBs can be hundreds of times brighter than an average supernova, making them as luminous as a million trillion suns. Thus, when a GRB erupts, it briefly becomes the brightest source of electromagnetic radiation in the observable universe.
The first observation of a GRB came on July 2, 1967, thanks to the Vela 4A satellite, part of a series of X-ray, gamma-ray, and neutron-detecting spacecraft designed to monitor any nuclear testing by the Soviet Union or other nations.
The GRB was documented in 1969 and was revealed in a paper published in 1973 after the findings were declassified. Between 1971 and 1973, scientists at Los Alamos National Laboratory examined several GRBs detected by Vela satellites and determined that gamma-ray bursts are indeed "of cosmic origin."
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