In this video, we dive into Faraday’s Law of Electromagnetic Induction (EMI) and demonstrate a practical use of the law to explore how electricity can be generated using water flow. We’ll cover the fundamental principles of electromagnetic induction and explain the science behind hydroelectric power generation.
The Faradays law of electromagnetic induction states that “whenever the amount of magnetic flux linked with a circuit changes, an EMF is induced in the circuit”. We will see how the electricity is created by a changing magnetic flux linked with a coil. Specifically, about how electricity is generated at hydroelectric power plants. This will demonstrate the role of water in producing electricity.

We have a turbine which rotates with the help of a water falling over it due to gravity. The turbine has attached to it a bar magnet. When water falls over the turbine, it rotates, and the amount of magnetic flux linked with coil changes. This change in magnetic flux causes an induced VOLTAGE in the circuit. Therefore, when water supply is switched on, the bulb starts to glow due to the induced voltage.
When we increase the water flow using the water flow controller knob, the turbine starts to rotate faster and faster. The bar magnets rotate faster and therefore the amount of magnetic flux linked with the coil changes at an increased rate. This causes increase in the induced voltage in the circuit, and therefore the bulb grows much more brightly. When water supply is decreased, the turbine starts to slow down and and finally stops. Then the magnetic flux linked with the cold remains constant and the induced emf disappears and so the light in the bulb goes off. This is the basic principle of electricity generation with the help of Faradays law. We saw that the role on water is just to rotate the turbine which leads to change in flux associated with the circuit.

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