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LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE? Question 1. What IS 'landscape architecture'? Answer. Landscape architecture is the art of composing landform, water and plants with buildings and pavements to make good places.
AIMS? Question 2. What are the aims of landscape architecture? Answer. They’re Vitruvian. Landscape architects aim to make places with good functional, ecological and visual qualities.
FREDERICK LAW OLMSTED? Question 3. Was Frederick Law Olmsted the father of ‘landscape architecture’ or the originator of the term? Answer. No. But he was the father of the organised profession.
LANDSCAPE THEORY? Question 4. What is landscape theory? Answer: It’s the theory of how to make good outdoor space - and this involves giving further answers to questions about the What, Why, When, How, Where, and Who of landscape architecture.
LANDSCAPE DESIGN HISTORY Question 5. What is the history of landscape architecture? Answer. It can be seen as the history of garden design before 1860 plus the work of landscape architects after 1860, or it can be seen as the long history of both garden design and urban design.
THE TERM LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE in the UK? Question 6. Why did the UK adopt the term landscape architecture? Answer: Impressed by Frederick Law Olmsted’s work in America, Patrick Geddes, Thomas Mawson and Thomas Adams wanted a UK professional institute with a focus on public projects and public goods.
PROBLEMS? Question 7. Is there a problem with the term ‘landscape architecture’? Answer. Yes. The problem is that people find it hard to understand (including, Mawson and Jellicoe.
LANDSCAPE? Question 8. How should the word ‘landscape’ be understood in the phrase ‘landscape architecture’? Answer. Its meaning takes something from its use but by artists, poets and geographers but draws mainly upon its use, in a ‘Designer’s Sense’.
ARCHITECTURE? Question 9. How should the word ‘architecture’ be understood in the phrase ‘landscape architecture’? Answer. It should be understood in the broad sense, outlined by Vitruvius, rather than in the narrow post-Renaissance sense of designing buildings for human occupancy.
COLLECTIVE LANDSCAPE? Question 10. What is the collective landscape? Answer. The term was introduced by Sir Geoffrey Jellicoe on the dustjacket of his history of the Landscape of Man for a central objective.
PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES? Question 11. Does the landscape profession need professional societies? Answer. Yes. Institutes, societies and similar bodies have a vital role: in promoting landscape architecture, in maintaining standards - and in raising standards.
URBAN DESIGN? Question 12. What is the relationship between landscape architecture and urban design? Answer. The landscape architect’s contribution to urban planning and design is that of composing landform, water and plants with buildings and pavings - to make good outdoor space
LANDSCAPE PLANNING? Question 13. What is landscape planning? Answer. It’s the first stage in the design process, with an emphasis on public goods. At the project scale, it involves Environmental Impact Designs for land development projects.
CLIMATE CHANGE? Question 14. Can landscape architects help combat, mitigate and adapt to, climate change? Answer. Yes. At the site planning scale, we can ensure development projects have as least as much vegetation cover when complete, as they did before construction began.
GREENWAYS? Question 15 What is a Greenway? Answer: a greenway can be defined as a route that is good from an environmental point of view. Their history reaches back to the ancient world and to Frederick Law Olmsted’s wonderful Emerald Necklace in Boston.
CONTEXT THEORY Question 16 What is Context Theory? Answer: It is the body of theory which underpins context-sensitive design. Or, in Alexander Pope’s phrase, its how to consult the Genius of the Place.
SKYSPACE PLANNING Question 17 Should landscape architects have a role in the design of city skylines. Answer: Yes. Of course. But it’s not going to happen unless and until the world’s landscape professions do a better job of promoting themselves.
LANDSCAPE URBANISM? Question 18. What is the landscape urbanism design method? Answer. It’s an advance on traditional 2D plans and on 3D models. The landscape urbanism design method involves ‘design-by-layers’, with each of the layers relating to a specialised area of knowledge and skill.
GREAT LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE Question 19 Who were the great figures in the history of landscape architecture? Answer: please see my short video on The landscape architecture canon in the east and in the west
THE FUTURE Question 20 Are the art and the profession of landscape architecture likely to prosper in the future? Answer: maybe they will and maybe they won’t.
