Hyenas once roamed from Ireland to Siberia. In this video I look at the Cave Hyenas that once inhabited the British Isles during the Pleistocene.

Sources Include :

The Missing Lynx by Ross Barnett (2019), Bloomsbury Publishing Plc.

Prey deposits and den sites of the Upper Pleistocene hyena Crocuta crocuta spelaea (Goldfuss, 823) in horizontal and vertical caves of the Bohemian Karst (Czech Republic). Bulletin of Geosciences 1(4), DIEDRICH, C.G. & ŽÁK, K. 2006. Czech Geological Survey, Prague.

Comparative ecology and taphonomy of spotted hyenas, humans, and wolves in Pleistocene Italy, Revue de Paléobiologie, Genève. (December 2004) C. Stiner, Mary (2004)

The Population History of Extant and Extinct Hyenas Rohland, Nadin; Pollack, Joshua L.; Nagel, Doris; Beauval, CéDric; Airvaux, Jean; PääBo, Svante; Hofreiter, Michael (2005). Molecular Biology and Evolution.

Pleistocene Chinese cave hyenas and the recent Eurasian history of the spotted hyena, Crocuta crocuta by Gui-Lian Sheng, Julien Soubrier, Jin-Yi Liu, Lars Werdelin, Bastien Llamas, Vicki A. Thomson, Jonathan Tuke, Lian-Juan Wu, Xin-Dong Hou, Quan-Jia Chen, Xu-Long Lai, Alan Cooper (2013), Wiley Online Library

Wikipedia and Wikipedia Commons for images of cave art, William Buckland & Georges Cuvier.

Hyena film footage taken by myself at Colchester Zoo, UK. Fossil animal remains are on display at the Creswell Crags Museum, Worksop, UK.

Open & closing music is Alone by Emmit Fenn. Background music is Wind Riders by Asher Fulero. Both are from the YouTube Audio Library

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